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Identifying who and what is on the network is a challenge for many organizations. For example, if incoming traffic is being monitored, traffic that gets routed from another VLAN to the source VLAN cannot be monitored; however, traffic that is received on the source VLAN and routed to another VLAN can be monitored. I have chosen Vlan 50 above but this needs to be the relevant Vlan ID you want to put the port into. In this example, Router A is configured to be the active device for group 1 and standby device for group 2. For a sample VLAN configuration, see “Example: VLAN configuration”. To configure a device as the active device, you assign it a priority that is higher than the priority of all the other HSRP-configured devices. In the following example, Router A and Router B each belong to two VRRP groups, group1 and group 5. These conditions result in an unstable network. A VLAN is a switched network that is logically segmented by function, project team, or application, without regard to the physical locations of the users. If a loop occurs, spanning tree uses the port priority when selecting an interface to put in the forwarding state. Priority determines the role that each VRRP router plays and what happens if the virtual router master fails. VLANs behave much like physical Local Area Networks (LANs), but you can group hosts even if they are not physically co-located. For configuration examples, see “Example: Spanning Tree Protocol Configuration”. The following example shows the switch being configured as the root bridge for VLAN 10, with a network diameter of 4. If you know its Port 26 on the switch, you may find the actual Port name is Fa1/0/26. Errors in the protocol-stack implementation, mistakes in the network configuration, or users issuing a denial-of-service attack can cause a storm. In general, the higher the level, the less effective the protection against broadcast storms. When HSRP is configured on a network or segment, it provides a virtual Media Access Control (MAC) address and an IP address that is shared among a group of configured routers. The following example shows configuring spanning-tree port priority of a Gigabit Ethernet interface. Global IGMP snooping overrides the per-VLAN IGMP snooping capability. Until the client is authenticated, IEEE 802.1x access control allows only Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL), Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), and Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) traffic through the port to which the client is connected. The following example shows configuration for enabling secure MAC address option on the port. The advertisements are sent every second by default; the interval is configurable. For a sample 802.1x authentication configuration see “Example: Enabling IEEE 802.1x and AAA on a Switch Port”. To configure and assign a switch access port to a VLAN, open a console connection to the switch and run the following IOS commands from interface configuration mode. The following example shows how to configure inter-VLAN routing: VTP is a Layer 2 messaging protocol that maintains VLAN configuration consistency by managing the addition, deletion, and renaming of VLANs on a network-wide basis. It does not work well in a situation where multiple updates to the VLAN database occur simultaneously on switches in the same domain, which would result in an inconsistency in the VLAN database. Without VTP, you cannot send information about VLANs to other switches.VTP is designed to work in an environment where updates are made on a single switch and are sent through VTP to other switches in the domain. An important aspect of the VRRP is VRRP router priority. The path cost value represents the media speed. Log in. Switches send and receive spanning-tree frames, called bridge protocol data units (BPDUs), at regular intervals. For more information on VRRP, see the following link: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/ipapp_fhrp/configuration/15-mt/fhp-15-mt-book/fhp-vrrp.html. Storm control uses one of these methods to measure traffic activity: With either method, the port blocks traffic when the rising threshold is reached. The following example shows how to configure the switch as a VTP server: The following example shows how to configure the switch as a VTP client: The following example shows how to configure the switch as VTP transparent: IEEE 802.1x port-based authentication defines a client-server-based access control and authentication protocol to prevent unauthorized clients from connecting to a LAN through publicly accessible ports.The authentication server authenticates each client connected to a switch port before allowing access to any switch or LAN services. This chapter gives an overview of configuration tasks for the Gigabit Ethernet (GE) switch on the Cisco 800M Series ISR. In case of ties, the primary IP addresses are compared, and the higher IP address has priority. If the falling suppression level is not specified, the switch blocks all traffic until the traffic rate drops below the rising suppression level. A good command to show the actual configuration of a port is: When two ports on a switch are part of a loop, the spanning-tree port priority and path cost settings control which port is put in the forwarding state and which is put in the blocking state. Your port should now be enabled and assigned to the VLAN you choose. The following example shows bandwidth-based multicast storm control being enabled at 70 percent on Gigabit Ethernet interface. Before you create VLANs, you must decide whether to use VTP in your network. MAC address notification enables you to track users on a network by storing the MAC address activity on the switch. A switch port can belong to a VLAN. The MAC address table contains address information that the switch uses to forward traffic between ports. Each VLAN is considered a logical network, and packets destined for stations that do not belong to the VLAN must be forwarded through a router. For detailed information on how to configure a switched port analyzer (SPAN) session, see the following web link: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/lan/catalyst3750/software/release/15-0_2_se/configuration/guide/scg3750/swspan.html. SW1>enable SW1#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. Switches might also learn end-station MAC addresses on multiple Layer 2 interfaces. Device B is configured as the active device for group 2 and standby device for group 1. All hosts interested in this multicast traffic send join requests and are added to the forwarding table entry. For detailed information on VLANs, see the following web link: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/lan/catalyst3750/software/release/15-0_2_se/configuration/guide/scg3750/swvlan.html. HSRP uses a priority mechanism to determine which HSRP configured device is to be the default active device.

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