Also see “heijunka.”. The methods for implementing this approach are found in the teachings of such quality leaders as Philip B. Crosby, W. Edwards Deming, Armand V. Feigenbaum, Kaoru Ishikawa and Joseph M. Juran. A tool for analyzing process dispersion. Scorecard: Process: A subjective term for which each person or sector has its own definition. Segments of a value stream with boundaries broken into loops to divide future state implementation into manageable pieces. Items between machines or equipment waiting to be processed. An optimal material requirement planning system for a manufacturing process in which there is little or no manufacturing material inventory on hand at the manufacturing site and little or no incoming inspection. Root cause analysis: The QFD process is often referred to as listening to the voice of the customer. A SMART matrix is a communication and planning tool used to identify the specifics of actions or tasks. Consider the advantages and tradeoffs of each approach, such as maximizing efficacy, reducing cost or minimizing errors. Quality management system (QMS): Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA): See “plan-do-check-act cycle.”. It addresses the need to perform 5S on an ongoing and systematic basis. In acceptance sampling, a plan, intended for application to a continuous flow of individual units of product, that involves acceptance and rejection on a unit-by-unit basis and employs alternate periods of 100% inspection and sampling. It allows workers to do their jobs continuously in a set sequence, repeating the same operation over and over in the same order. A chart for evaluating the stability of a process. Two terms that have many interpretations because of the multiple definitions for the words “assurance” and “control.” For example, “assurance” can mean the act of giving confidence, the state of being certain or the act of making certain; “control” can mean an evaluation to indicate needed corrective responses, the act of guiding or the state of a process in which the variability is attributable to a constant system of chance causes. Statistical process control (SPC): One-touch exchange of dies: Four stages that teams move through as they develop maturity: forming, storming, norming and performing. A technique for analyzing what aids or hinders an organization in reaching an objective. A forum for higher education institutions to review one another’s action projects. A partnership of telecommunications suppliers and service providers. House of quality: A technique in which a sample of parts (as opposed to 100% of the production, as in HASS) is subjected to stresses similar to the levels and duration for HALT. Often, however, “quality assurance” and “quality control” are used interchangeably, referring to the actions performed to ensure the quality of a product, service or process. Note: Multiple sampling as defined here has sometimes been called “sequential n sampling” or “truncated sequential e sampling.” The term “multiple sampling” is recommended. Type II error: Accreditation: Safety: Attributes, method of: A form of inspection to determine nonconforming product. Dependability: Also see AS9100. Then, each possible solution is rated on a scale of 1 to 5 for each criterion, and the rating is recorded in the corresponding grid. Certified HACCP auditor (CHA): The definition of “small”—in terms of being able to apply for government support and qualify for preferential tax policy—varies by country and industry. Cross functional: Deming cycle: The management of a conflict situation to arrive at a resolution satisfactory to all parties. The comparison of a current condition to the desired state. HACCP regulations for various sectors are established by the Department of Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration. Certified supplier quality professional (CSQP): The chart frequently shows a central line to help detect a trend of plotted values toward either control limit. Research in Motion (RIM), the telecommunications company that pioneered the Blackberry, offers a cautionary tale in this regard. Certification: Judgment inspection: Conformitè Europëenne Mark (CE Mark): SMART matrix: Seiton means to neatly arrange and identify parts and tools for ease of use. Symptom: The production preparation process is a tool for designing lean manufacturing environments. Value stream mapping: Actions to ensure that a process or activity supports the organization’s strategy, goals and objectives. A strategy for learning more about customers’ needs and behaviors to develop stronger relationships with them. Visual controls: Reliability: The charting of a data set in which most of the data points are concentrated around the average (mean), thus forming a bell-shaped curve. The pace and flow of a product. American National Standards Institute-American Society for Quality (ANSI-ASQ): Toyota production system (TPS): The eight are: 1) overproduction ahead of demand; 2) waiting for the next process, worker, material or equipment; 3) unnecessary transport of materials (for example, between functional areas of facilities, or to or from a stockroom or warehouse); 4) over-processing of parts due to poor tool and product design; 5) inventories more than the absolute minimum; 6) unnecessary movement by employees during the course of their work (such as to look for parts, tools, prints or help); 7) production of defective parts; 8) under-utilization of employees’ brainpower, skills, experience and talents. Improving processes to prevent mistakes from being made or passed downstream. n: For example, during fit analysis, product testing is utilized as a method for scrutinizing product features and checking that they match the user acceptance criteria. BS 7799 Part 3 covers risk analysis and management. Building a quality assurance program serves to reduce noncompliance, avoid customer experience mistakes and other errors that could occur internally. An ASQ certification. 2) Items constituting a defined quantity of uniform product for purposes of proceeding collectively through a process. A procedure performed after a failure mode effects analysis to classify each potential failure effect according to its severity and probability of occurrence. See “cause and effect diagram.”. The greater the Cpk value, the better. The objective of project quality analysis is to review quality levels and define required enhancements in the current quality management framework.
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