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The rising, which began in Brussels, pushed the Dutch army back, and the rebels defended themselves against a Dutch attack. Caroline was a cousin of his advisor Baron Christian Friedrich von Stockmar. The small Belgian army was overwhelmed by the Dutch assault and was pushed back. Belgium was a small country with borders that were shared by larger powers. At 11:45 A.M. on December 10, 1865, the king died in Laken. [11] Leopold, however, was reluctant to accept. In the later part of his reign, his role in managing relations between Great Britain and the French Empire of Napoleon III was particularly important. [4], From 1828 to 1829, Leopold had an affair with the actress Caroline Bauer, who bore a striking resemblance to Charlotte. [19] The most serious threat of the 1848 revolutions in Belgium was posed by Belgian émigré groups. Skirmishes continued for eight years, but in 1839, the two countries signed the Treaty of London, whereby the Dutch recognised Belgium's independence. He took part in campaigns against Napoleon and led his cuirassier division at the Battle of Kulm in 1813. On August 9, 1832, Leopold tied the knot with Louise-Marie of Orléans, the daughter of Louis Philippe I. After a brilliant military career in the Russian army during the Napoleonic wars, he was elevated to the rank of Marshal of Russia. In foreign policy, Leopold's principal object was the maintenance of Belgian neutrality. He was also an uncle of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. The Arch of Triumph, started for the 1880 world expedition in Brussels, glorifies the "peace-loving nation of Belgium. Even before she succeeded to the throne, Leopold had been advising Victoria by letter, and continued to influence her after her accession. Because of his family connections and position at the head of a neutral and unthreatening power, Leopold was able to act as an important intermediary in European politics during his reign. The choice of neutrality was less for ideological reasons (as a Catholic, Leopold believed that a just war was morally acceptable) than it was pragmatic. (4 years older). Some of his siblings were Sophie Fredericka; Antoinette; Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha; and Juliane. But, by mid-1829, the liaison was over, and the actress and her mother returned to Berlin. 2013. pp. In 1831, he accepted the Crown of Belgium… His likeness has also appeared on postage stamps and commemorative coins issued since his death. During Leopold I’s reign, the politics in Belgium was segregated between the liberals and the Catholics. Leopold I was the king of Belgium between July 1831 and December 1865. Less than two weeks after Leopold's accession, on 2 August, the Netherlands invaded Belgium, starting the Ten Days' Campaign. He lies buried in the Royal vault at the Church of Our Lady, Laken Cemetery, Brussels, Belgium. Belgium remained neutral, mainly because of Leopold's diplomatic efforts. Leopold I (Leopold George Christian Frederick (in German Leopold Georg Christian Friedrich) Prince of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, later Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Saxony) (December 16, 1790 – December 10, 1865) was from July 21, 1831 the first King of the Belgians. "[5] Subsequently, Belgium had made humanity her cause. [21][22] George von Eppinghoven was born in 1849, and Arthur von Eppinghoven in 1852. The current king, Philippe, is his great-great-great-great grandson. The dynasty he established in Brussels continues to exist even today. They had four children: Queen Louise-Marie died of tuberculosis on 11 October 1850, aged 38. A stand had been erected on the steps of the church of Saint Jacques-sur-Coudenberg, surrounded by the names of revolutionaries fallen during the fighting in 1830. He died in 1865 and was succeeded by his son, Leopold II. The source code for the WIKI 2 extension is being checked by specialists of the Mozilla Foundation, Google, and Apple. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here: The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia: Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed. Belgium pioneered the Industrial Revolution on continental Europe, developing a flourishing mining and steel industry. He is interred in the Royal Crypt at the Church of Notre-Dame de Laeken, next to Louise-Marie. Hailing from the ruling family of the small German duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, he received an honorary commission in the Imperial Russian Army and took part in the wars against Napoleon. (6 years older) , Princess eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'newworldencyclopedia_org-medrectangle-4','ezslot_1',162,'0','0'])); In Carlton House on May 2, 1816, he married Princess Charlotte Augusta of Wales, the only legitimate child of the British Prince Regent (later King George IV of the United Kingdom) and therefore heiress to the British throne, and was created a British field-marshal and Knight of the Garter. Leopold took his oath as King of the Belgians on 21 July 1831, an event commemorated annually as Belgian National Day. Under Leopold II his son and successor, Belgium contributed to the European exploration of Africa. Leopold I was from 21 July 1831 the first King of the Belgians following Belgium's independence from the Netherlands. (11 years older) , and Princess Leopold took his oath as King of the Belgians on 21 July 1831, an event commemorated annually as Belgian National Day. I use WIKI 2 every day and almost forgot how the original Wikipedia looks like. Leopold was born in Coburg in the tiny German duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld in modern-day Bavaria on 16 December 1790. Leopold I of Belgium was 41 and Louise of Orléans was 20 years old. When Leopold born she was 33 years old. [1] On 2 May 1816, Leopold married Princess Charlotte of Wales at Carlton House in London. Leopold's steady hand, wise diplomacy and constitutional governance enabled the small nation of Belgium to become one of the most prosperous in Europe. His likeness has also appeared on postage stamps and commemorative coins issued since his death. [9] With no definitive choice in sight, Catholics and Liberals united to elect Erasme Louis Surlet de Chokier, a minor Belgian nobleman, as regent to buy more time for a definitive decision in February 1831. Following a Greek rebellion against the Ottoman Empire, Leopold was offered the throne of an independent Greece as part of the London Protocol of February 1830. In 1797, at just six years old, Leopold was given an honorary commission of the rank of colonel in the Izmaylovsky Regiment, part of the Imperial Guard, in the Imperial Russian Army. The enthronement is generally used to mark the end of the revolution and the start of the Kingdom of Belgium and is celebrated each year as the Belgian national holiday. By 1815, the time of the final defeat of Napoleon, he had reached the rank of lieutenant general at only 25 years of age. Charlotte died a day later. [20] In 1835-1836, he promoted the marriage between his nephew Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and the Queen of Portugal, Maria II. Charlotte was the only legitimate child of the Prince Regent George (later King George IV) and therefore second in line to the British throne. His monogram features on the flag of the Flemish town of Leopoldsburg. Language; Watch; Edit (Redirected from Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. Leopold was born in Coburg in the tiny German duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld in modern-day Bavaria on 16 December 1790. Arturo E. The Coburgs of Europe. He was born in Coburg and died in Laeken. With the opening of the railway line between Brussels and Mechelen on May 5, 1835, one of King Leopold's fondest hopes—to build the first railway in continental Europe—became a reality. Engraving of the wedding of Charlotte and Leopold in 1816, Leopold taking the constitutional oath during his enthronement. Leopold I (French: Léopold I er; German and Dutch: Leopold I; 16 December 1790 – 10 December 1865) was a German prince who became the first King of the Belgians following the country's independence in 1830. The National Congress of Belgium did not want a Dutch ruler and later found out that all of their viable options were French. Leopold was said to have been heartbroken by her death. The defeat at Risquons-Tout effectively ended the revolutionary threat to Belgium, as the situation in Belgium began to recover that summer after a good harvest, and fresh elections returned a strong Liberal majority.[19]. and buried in His steady hand allowed Belgium, although small geographically, to become a stable and economically prosperous state.

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