et al (1964). If there are droplets present, you will need to transfer the solution again. For more information contact us at info@libretexts.org or check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Devon C. Hale, MD; et al. a correspondingly hazardous substance. 1. For larger quantities, a careful decanting works best and it is also relatively fast. Try to avoid a large excess of drying agent since it will This procedure is often used to remove drying agents from the solution. The safest choice for a xylene alternative available today. Calcium Sulfate CaSO4? Those compounds are relatively reactive and difficult to handle and usually not used in lower division undergraduate laboratories (see below). Just prior to pouring the precipitate onto the filter paper, wet the filter paper with a few mL of solvent and apply the vacuum. Follow the instructions given above for the rate of heating. You assume in using this apparatus that the temperature of the crystals is equal to the temperature of the hot plate as measured by the thermometer. Cytol. 7H2O High Rapid Fair Extraction is a method for moving a compound from one medium to another. half of the solid dissolves, it should take only another 5 mL to dissolve the remaining half. We offer a prepared 0.1% aqueous solution which is micro-filtered and is used to increase tissue adhesion to the glass slide, which is needed for immunohistochemical and immunolabeling techniques, as well as lengthy staining procedures. Often, by concentrating this solution further and cooling the solution, one obtains more crystals. That is often called a water wash. You will have an opportunity to do several extractions and water washes. It is intended to be used as a replacement for xylene where the hazards associated with aromatic hydrocarbon vapors are to be reduced. Suitable for most histological procedures. Ask for a demo. Naphtha-petroleum derivative that replaces xylene for clearing. alcohols, etc increase the solubility of water in the organic solvent. Capacity refers to the maximum numbers of moles of water that the drying agent can bind (n). Water will cause the drying agent to clump into particles larger than the original particle size, and possibly stick to the glass. extract the drying agent with some clean solvent. A pleasant citrus odor replaces the strong xylene odor when you switch to Poly/Clear Solvent in your laboratory as your paraffin clearing agent. Legal. Molecular sieves are alumino silicates with a three-dimensional network with different pore sizes (3-5 Å). Dry (blue) Not suitable with acids, alcohols, amines or ketones, or with organic Biodegradable. Reacts violently if much water is present. They are neutral (as compared to acidic or basic) and for general use (applicable to most classes of compounds). J. M. Miller et al. The high flash point and biodegradability of this product makes it an attractive alternative. Another parameter of importance is the efficiency, which refers to the amount of water left in the organic solution after the drying process is completed (e). Russell's Modified Zenker's is used in the same manner as Zenker's stock solution. 1560 Industry Road C6H4(CH3)2 FW 106.27 CAS #1330-20-7 For a Hirsch or Buchner funnel, you will need a filter flask with a sidearm for a rubber tubing connection to the TRAP and the reduced pressure source. First, check that the stopper fits and that the stopcock works properly. It is used to help determine the purity of a solid and to help verify the identity of the compound. Even though water usually has a higher affinity towards the drying agent, excess can also lead to significant loss of product. Polysciences privacy policy can be found here. e. Remove the solvent by evaporation in a water bath or on a hot plate (depending what the procedure asks for). Zinc formalin fixatives improve general morphology and immunohistochemical staining and can reduce or eliminate the need for antigen recovery procedures while preserving immunoreactivity for months. To calculate % Theoretical Yield you must first calculate the theoretical yield. Drying agents are used to remove trace amounts of water from an organic solution. Tamp the open end onto your crystals until a few collect inside the mouth of the capillary. 99.9%, White crystalline powder Never add a large amount of drying agent because your product can become absorbed on the surface, reducing the yield. All of these drying agents should preferably be used after the organic solution is treated with a saturated sodium chloride solution, which already removed the a lot of the water from the organic layer. The mixture is swirled and then allowed to settle. Use a HIRSCH or BUCHNER funnel with vacuum when you do want the solid but.... Never use a Hirsch or Buchner funnel with a hot solution unless suggested by your instructor. It produces less tissue shrinkage as compared to alcohol dehydration. Carbonate-free. Drying agents are distinguished by their capacity (the amount of water they can absorb), the rate at which they absorb the water, and their intensity (or completeness), which is the amount of water left behind in the solvent at equilibrium. Electric hot plates and heating mantles are most commonly used. Heating mantles are used for round-bottom flasks (rbf); choose an appropriate size to fit the flask you plan to use. (1974). Complete text is available online. Cytochem., 20:995. This chapter discusses some of the agents of dehydration and clearing. "Gutta-Percha Softening: 'Hem-De' as a Xylene Substitute" J. of Endodontics". Solid potassium hydroxide is very rapid and efficient. Soc. Cytochem., 7:288. Toll Free: 800-523-5874 JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. By incorporating cobalt chloride into the J. Ultrastruct. Use of Conventional Drying Agents It has a higher flash point than xylene, reducing the flammability danger to the laboratory. Since the base ingredient is formalin, it is fully compatible and can replace 10% NBF without any adjustments to your procedures. Its use is limited J. Histochem. Answer: Sulphuric acid removes water of crystallization. This reagent is a mixture of isomers (ortho, meta, and para) and may contain Ethylbenzene.
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